The National Education Policy 2020 represents a significant attempt to reform the Indian education system through a decentralized, participatory, inclusive, flexible, holistic, and multidisciplinary framework. This article examines the policy with particular emphasis on its approach to multilingualism, indigenous knowledge systems, skill development, and the preservation of India's linguistic diversity. NEP 2020 seeks to address longstanding challenges in education while responding to rapidly changing technological, industrial, and social requirements. Its emphasis on regional and native languages, particularly during the early years of education, marks an important shift from the historical dominance of English in formal education. The policy also recognizes the cognitive, cultural, and social value of multilingualism and proposes institutional and technological mechanisms for language promotion, documentation, translation, and preservation. At the same time, the implementation of multilingual education presents considerable challenges, including migration, variations in local dialects, shortages of trained teachers and pedagogical resources, inadequate student teacher ratios, and the continuing perception of English as a language of economic and professional advancement. The article argues that successful implementation requires coordination between policy makers, educators, communities, and institutions, together with meaningful employment opportunities in regional languages. Strengthening indigenous languages within education can contribute not only to linguistic preservation but also to cultural continuity, social inclusion, cognitive development, and broader educational participation.