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         article-type="Research Paper"
         xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Indian Journal of Social Enquiry</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">IJSE</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">applied</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0974-9012</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Prof Gitanjali Chawla</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">IJSE390007</article-id>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Learning Through Inquiry and Investigation: A Critical Analysis of the Effectiveness of Practical Work at Undergraduate Level</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Maneesha</surname>
            <given-names>Maneesha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Pandey</surname>
            <given-names>Praveen Kant</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">Maharaja Agrasen College, University of Delhi</aff>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-02">
        <month>09</month>
        <day>02</day>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>9</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>101</fpage>
      <lpage>112</lpage>
      <abstract>
        <p>Laboratories are a core requirement, in particular in science education for skill
training and better understanding of concepts. The importance of good quality
practical work is widely accepted for improvement of scientific skills and
promoting the scientific culture amongst students, thereby leading to improved
learning. Through this study, an effort was made to reflect and explore these
often-raised concerns by assessing and mapping the current situation with
inputs from stakeholders in developing students&apos; knowledge and skills at the
undergraduate level. A survey was conducted to identify and understand
students&apos; requirements, expectations, experiences and opinions regarding the
practical work being done in undergraduate science laboratories in University
of Delhi. The students&apos; expectations in identifying the significant
characteristics and requirements that demonstrate effective lab work were
derived from this data.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author">
        <kwd>Efficacy of practical work</kwd>
        <kwd>Inquiry</kwd>
        <kwd>Experimental work</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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  <back/>
</article>
