federal second chamber

Federalism, first born in North America in pioneering presidential-federal and parliamentary-federal forms in the USA and Canada respectively, is not particularly popular in Asia and Africa. Only five of Asia`s 48sovereign states have adopted some kinds of federal or quasi-federal forms of government. In Africa it is even more unpopular. Of 54 African states, only three can be counted as some kind of federal or hybrid federal formations. I offer some speculative but empirically and theoretically relevant explanations why it might be so.